Improvement in side lights for vessels



dinard tatw aient (elitist.

Letters Patent No. 107,165, dated September 6, 1870.I

*Mur- IMPROVEMENT IN SIDE LIGHTS FOR VESSELS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame I, WILLIAM DARLEY, of Chatham, in the county of Kent, (lateforeinan of the Royal Dock-yard, Chatham, in the county of Kent,) haveinvented lm'- provenients in Ships IlluininatorsorScnttles, of which thefollowing is a specification. i

rlhis invention relates to certain peculiar constructions aiidarrangements ot sliips illuininators or sciittles, applicable both tomen-ollwar and to the inercantile navy, whereby facility of adjustmentand of opening and closing are combined with economy and simplicity ot'construction.

The essential feature ot' this invention consists in making thedead-light and glass revolve on a pivot, in lieu of titting them withthe ordinary hinges.

The dead-light and' glass are made in one frame, balancing each other,or nearly so, or the dead-light or glass, or both together, are made toturn independeiitly on a pivot, the said dead-light or glass, or both,

beingatall times parallel to the face of the sc'uttle or opening tov becovered.

The ti'anie surrounding the scut-tle or opening to be covered contains apacking of vulcanized India rubber, or other suitable material, and thet'raine ot' the dead-light and gia'ss, which inay be ot' iron, isprovided with a raised annular projection, which is forced against thepacking by the action of two or more screws or nuts, employed forsecuring the said dead-light orglass in their closed position.

' A helical spring is fitted into the pivot or axis on which thedead-light, or glass, or both turn, in order lthat, when the'saine arebeingr opened, they shall be iorced out of contact with`the packing,ireparatory to turning them on their pivot.

A tightening-nut is also fitted onto the pivot oi axis, tor the purposeot assisting the screw or nut, or screws or nuts,hereinbefore ret'erredto, in receiving 4the dead-light and glass, and also Afor tixing thesaine when adjusted or turned on the pivot in any desired position, soas to lleave the opening either entirely or only partially closed. v

These improved seuttles or illuniinato'rs may be applied 0to the portsot' ships7 cabins, to ships sides between thet'ranies, to water-tight orother bulkheads, and to tightin'g parts ot' iron ships; and,

1n order that my said invention 'nia-y be fully understood, I shall now.proceed more particularly to describe the saine, and for thatpurpose lshall i'eter to the several ligures on the annexed drawing, the saineletters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1, ot' my drawing, represents a front elevation, one modificationof my improved ships illuniinator or scuttle, tully closed by thc glass.

Figure `2 is a vertical section of the same', taken along the line l 2inlig. l.

A represents a ships side, and

B is a tiauged ring fitted onto the mouth of the seattle.

C C' is a frame, hung on a centrally placed pin or pivot, D, the part Gconstituting the dead-light and the part C' the glass. This frame vCO'is balanced on its pivot or fulcrum D, so that it will oli'er thesmallest possible resistance when being turned thereon. i.

The pivot or fulcrum D is securely fixed into the ships side and flangeformed .on the ring B, and a helical or other spring, a, isinterposedbetween the ,frame C C' and the said Iiaiige, for the purposehereinafter explained.

A screw-tliread is cut on the outer end of the pivot, and an Ordinar fnut, captble ot' being turned by a spanner or wrench, or abuttertly-nnt, E, capable ot' being turned by hand, is screwed thereon,so as to press or bear against the siii-tace of' t-lie f i'aine O C.

An India-rubber packing-ring, b, is let into an annular groove made inthe ring B, and corresponding projecting rings, c c', are formed on theinner faces otl the dead-light and glass-frame.

1 isa strong bracket tixed to the sides ot' ships, and to the flange ot'the ring B, and carrying a tightening-screw, G, provided with a suitablehead or handle, H, for turning the saine.

lhe inner end ot' this screw presses or bears upon the edge ot' thedead-light or glass at a point dialnetric-ally opposite to the pointwhere the nut lil on the pivot presses.

VVhe-n open, the fi'arnc C C hangs as shown in dotted lines in tig. 1,being balanced, but when the opening is to be closed, the glass or thedead-light, as the case may be, is turned up, so as to coincide with oi"cover the ring` B, and is then secured and made watertightby tighteninglthe nut E on onel side and the screw G on the opposite side ofthe glassordeaillight frame, thereby causing the projecting ring c or c' to beimbedded in the India-rubber packing.

A stop, d 11.', is formed on the riin ot the dead-light and glass, whichbears against the side of the bracket F, when either the glass ordead-light is properly closed. 'f

On opening t-lie Scuttle the screw G and nut E are unscrew'ed slightly,so as to remove the l'ra-n'ie C C' t'roni contact with the India-rubberpacking, the spring a, t'oreiigig outward the said frame when thepressure is reiiioved therefrom.

rlhe arrangement' shown at figs. 1 and 2 is adapted for the smallersizes ot' scuttles, but when large sciittles, say up to twelve inchesdianieter, are required, then 1 employ three or more tightening-screwsor nuts, disposed so as to bear atseveral points all round the glass ordead-light frame.

Figure 3 represei'its n front elevation ot :t slight-ly modifiednrrungonientfof' my -impi'oveiiieiits 'in ships7 seutilcs or illiiniiiittors, :izlnpted tou twelve-inch sciittle, showing the gloss pn-i't-lyclosed l.nid the (lend-light fully open.

Figure 4 is n vcrticztl seetion of' the sinne, sliowin` both `the ghtssrind dond-iight .fully closed.

A is the ships side. l

B, the thinged ring fitted onto thc month of the month of the seuttle.

C, the denddight, and

C', the-freine cnri'ying the glass.

In this ni'odificaition the (lend-light :ind glnss n-rc made sepnrnte,und nre opened und closed independcntly of' euch otlier,.liut11hey bothturn upon one pivot oi; f'ulei'nni, l), which is eonimon tothe two. Or,if' l'n'eterred, such may have zi. scpzn'zite pivotor fulcruin ot' itsown.

E is the tightening-nut on the pivot 1).

G is the tighteningserew in the iixcd brneltet F, stnnte opposite to thepivot D.

l I' tre lugs, i'oi'nied on the rim of thc dead-light .and gloss, forthe reception ot' n loose screw which screws-into the socket. K,(shownin dotted lilies) when the dead-light. and gloss, or the glassonly, is closed.

L Lnre notches, also formed on the. rims ot' the deuil-light :ind gloss,tor the purpose ot' engaging with the s tntionnry stud or pin M.

This stud or pin is screwed :it its outer end und provided with ntightening-nut, N, enpzible of'- being screwed down onto thedend-light,or onto the traine ot' thcglnss, :is required.v

b b nre. Iiidin-rublu-r packing-rings, let into grooves mnderespectively in the. fixed ring B, :ind in the f'ruine C ot' the glass;:ind

c o' :ire lprojecting,` rings formed respeetivcly upon t'lie faices ot'the' glnssd'rnnie n.nd desd-light, for the purpose of' insuring upert'ectly water-tight joint when the shuttle is closed Int-uses where:L glass only is fitted to the senttle, then the Indie-rubber ring b'will he dispensed with.

'lwo helienl, or other openings, :1re employed, the one being interposedbetween the f'i'ziine ot' the gloss :lnd'the tixed rinr B or side ot'the ship, neeiuding ns the flange oi' the ring B is inside or outsidethe ship, while the other spring;I is interposed between the f'i'nn'ieof the glnss und the (lend-light. The object of these. springs is toforce the gloss or (lend-light clem' ot' its packing prepnraitory to itsbeing opened, und to yield sittliciently to zillow of' these pnrts beingscrewed up tight n ninst the. packing ngnin, when requisite.

In this modification it will be seen thntthere nre f`onr benring pointsround the glass or dead-light for the tightening-nuts or screws tobeznor press against, whereby perfect security und tightness nreobtnincd.

Iy planing: the flange oi' the fixed ring li outside the ship, :ilnrgei' scuttlc muy be employed, und where the spare or interval betweenthe sliips i'i'zimes is liniited, i' will be formed ndvzintngeons tomulte, the gloss und dend-light sepnrzite, :rs shown in tig-s. 3 und 4,by 'reason ot' their then occupying n snnillcr space.

Should it, however, be preferred to in'nke. the dendlight znid glass inone frnine, then the-'ring B should bc mnde sufficiently deep to ndniitof' the Atraine C C working in t'ront ot' or over the4 angle-ironf'rnines of the ship, but within the suri'nce. ot' t-he wood lininior onthe ships side.

d' is n buffer or stop of indio-rubber, lo check the full ot' thelend-light or gloss.

Figure 5 is a section taken throngli the fulcrnni, pin, or pivot, of'another modification, based npdn the principles hereinl'ieire described.

rlhe mnin alteration in this modifient-ion is the substitntioii ot'marginal screws on the rims of' the dea-dlight and glass, for securing:rand tightening them in their places, for the nuts und screws pressingupon the rims of the dead-lightvand glass in the previouslydescribedzn'rzingeinents.'

A is the ships side.

B, the fixed ring.

C C', the. dead-light and glass.

Y I), the pin or pivot'lupon which bot-h turn.

ll, the tightening-nut on the pivot.

a to :ire the helical springs for easing ott' the dendlight nnd'glatssas they are unscrewed.

,Lhe glass-trame C' screws, by means of` a. marginal screw :it e, intothe tixed ring B b,'and is surrounded by n ring, C, in which it turnsfreely when being screwed or nnscrewed, it being held in snclr-ring by apin and circumferential groove.

rlhis ring C" pivots on the pin D, and is forced ontwnrd us the glass isunsci'ewed by the pressure of the spring a.

f f nre two recesses or holes made in the glass-rim, for the enti-anice.ot' n key for nnscrewing the saune.

rlhe piece. ot' glass itself is secured in its frame by :i sinnll ring,y, Vheld in position against a. shoulder on the rini, so :is not tostrain the glass, by means of snizill screws.

rlhe (lend-light C screws, by means of a marginal screw, h, into theglass-tranne C', and is here shown ns nttnched centrally to n rndius bnrornrm, O, in which it turns freely on the pinP. This radius arm ispivotedIon the pin or pivot D, und is held down by the nut. a.

In lien of using a. rndins zirin, the dead-light may monntednecording tomy inventioinare not inude to' lbnlnnce euch other, suitable bzrlnnceweights may be.

employed, if' desired.

Claim.

l. The eonibinntion of a frnme, B. apivot arranged nt onel side ot' thefranne, :r dead-light hung to the said pin und device, substantially :isdescribed, for securing the desd-light in its position on the' frame.

1?.. The combination of the above, n frame. carrying :t gloss, c zuidsprings a, interposed between the frume B, the inovnble fiume und thedead-light, as set t'orth.

3. The combination of the frziine B, t'ulcrnm-pin D, and frunie C C',balanced onthe snid pin and having n. glnss tit one end und :Ldisk attthe other, as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my nume to this specification int-lie presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WM. DARLEY.

Witnesses:

Clerks to M'r. I. Henry CHAS. MILLS, Johnson, 47 Lincolns Fiano.WALKSEN, Inn Fields, Middlesex,

j' England. v

